Learn verbs in Arabic basics & details – 2023

The sentence in the Arabic language consists of a noun, a verb, and a preposition. And the verb in the Arabic language is conjugated to three tenses: the past and the present, as is the case in the English language, But there is a different tense in the Arabic language, which is the Imperative (الأمر)(Al ‘amr).

The verb in the Arabic language is very complex, each class of verbs has its own rules, and there are many exceptional cases, and for this, we will try to present this lesson in the simplest way possible and useful to you, let’s get started.

What is a verb in arabic?

The verb is a word that indicates an event linked to a tense.

•Example:

Arabic	English	Pronunciation
أكل أحمد التفاحة	Ahmed ate the apple	‘Akala ‘ahmado ‘atofaha

Note with us this example: the verb here is (أكل) and it tells us that Ahmed is the one who did the action, and in the past tense, then we conclude that the verb provided us with two pieces of information.

The most Commonly used Arabic Verbs

Verbs that express feelings:

The male:

The Present	The Past	The Imperative
ُيَضْحَك/ Yadhako/ (he) Laughs	َضَحِك/ Dhahika/(he) laughed	اِضْحَك/ ‘Idhahak/ Laugh
يَبْكي/ Yabkii/ (he) Cries	بَكِيَ/Bakiya/(he) Cried	اِبكِ/ ‘Ibki/ Cry
يَقْلَق/ Yaqlaqo/ (he) Worries	قَلَقَ/ Qalaqa/ (he) Worried	اِقْلَق/ ‘Iklak/ Worry
يَضْجَرُ/ Yadhjero/ (he) is bored	ضَجِرَ/ Dhajira / (he) got bored	اِضْجَرْ / ‘IDhjar/ be bored
يَهْدَأُ / Yahda’o / (he) calms down	هَدَأ / Hada’a / (he) was calmed	ْاٍهْدَأ / ‘Ihd’a’ / calm down
يَتَحَمَسُ / Yatahamasu / (he) got excited	تَحَمَسَ / Tahamasa / (he) get excited	تَحَمَسْ / Tahamas / be excited
يُهَذِبُ / Yuhathibu / (he) polites	هَذَبَ/ Hatthhaba /(he) polited	هَذِبْ / Hatthhib / be polite
يَنْعَسُ/ Yaneso / (he) sleeps	نَعِسَ / Naeisa / (he) slept	اِنْعَسْ / ‘Inaas / sleep
يَعْطَشُ / Yaettashu / (he) thirsts	عَطِش / Attisha / (he) thirsted	اِعْطَشْ / ‘Iettash / thirst
يُحِبُ / Yuhibbu / (he) loves	أَحَبَ / ‘Ahabba / (he) loved	أَحُبِبْ / ‘Ahibib / love
يَكْرَهُ / Yakrahu / (he) hates	كَرِهَ / Kariha / (he) hated	اِكْرَه / ‘Ikrah/ Hate
ُيَبْتَسِم / Yabtasimu / (he) smiles	اِبْتَسَمَ / ‘Ibtasama / (he) smiled	اِبْتَسِمْ/ ‘Ibtasim/ smile
يَغْضَبُ / Yaghdhabu / (he) got angry	غَضِبَ / Ghadhiba / (he) get angry	اِغْضَبْ / ‘Ighdab / be angry

The female:

The Present	The Past	The Imperative
تَضْحَكُ/ Tadhaku / (She) Laughs	ضَحِكَتْ/ Dahikat / (She) laughed	اِضْحَكِي / idhakii / Laugh
تَبْكِي / tabkii / (She) Cries	بَكَتْ / bakat/ (She) Cried	اِبْكِي / ibkii / Cry
تَقْلَقُ / taklaku / (She) Worries	قَلِقَتْ / kalekat / (She) Worried	اِقْلَقِي /iklaki / Worry
تَضْجَرُ / tadjoru / (She) is bored	ضَجِرَتْ / Dhajirat / (She) got bored	اِضْجَرِي / idjarii / be bored
تَهْدَأُ / tahdaʾu / (She) calms down	هَدَأَتْ / hadaʾat / (She) was calmed	اِهْدَئِي / ihdaʾii / calm down
تَتحَمَسُ / Tatahammasu / (She) got excited	تَحَمَسَتْ / Tahammasat / (She) get excited	تَحَمَسي / Tahammasi / be excited
تُهَذِّبُ / tuhathibu / (She) polites	هَذَّبَتْ / hathabat / (She) polited	هَذِّبِي / hathibii / be polite
تَنْعَسُ / tan’eau / (She) sleeps	نَعَسَتْ / Naeisat / (She) slept	اِنْعَسِي / in’asii / sleep
تَعْطَشُ / tattoshu / (She) thirsts	عَطِشَتْ / Attishat / (She) thirsted	اِعْطَشِي / ittashii / thirst
تُحِبُ / Tuhibu / (She) Loves	أَحَبَّتْ / ʾAHabbat / (She) loved	أَحِبِّي /ʾaHibbii / love
تَكْرَهُ / takrahu / (She) Hates	كَرِهَتْ / karihat / (She) Hated	اِكْرَهِي / ikrahii / hate
تَبْتَسِمُ / tabtasimu / (She) smiles	اِبْتَسَمَتْ / ibtasamat / (She) smiled	اِبْتَسِمِي / ibtasimii / smile
تَغْضَبُ / taghDabu / (She) got angry	غَضِبَتْ / ghaDibat / (She) get angry	اِغْضَبِي / ighDabii / be angry

•Examples :

Arabic	English	Pronunciation
يضحك الفقراء على الرغم من مشاكلهم الكثيرة	The poor laugh despite their many problems.	Yathahaku al fuqara’o ‘ala aroghmi min mashakilihim al kathira
يبكي الرضيع دائما عندما يكون جائعا أو يتألم	The baby always cries when he is hungry or in pain.	Yabkee aradhieo da’iman ‘eindama yakono ja’iean aw yata’alam.
تقلق أمي كثيرا عندما يتأخر أخي بالرجوع الى المنزل	Mom gets very worried when my brother comes home late.	Taqlaqo ‘Omi kathiran ‘eindama yata’akharo ‘akhi birojoehe ‘ila al manzil
يحب معلمي طرد المشاكسين قبل بدء الفصل حتى لا يضايقوه	My teachers like to kick out brawlers before class starts so they don’t bother him.	Yuhibu mu’alimi ttarda al moshakisina qabla bad’i al fassli hata la yodhayiquoh
يبتسم النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم دائما عندما يلقي خطبته	The Prophet Muhammad, salla allaho ealayhi wasalam, always smiles when he delivers his sermon	Yabtasimu anabiyu muhamad salla allaho ealayhi wasalam da’iman eindama yulqi khotbataho
يغضب أبي دائما لأتفه الأسباب	My father is always angry for the most trivial reason.	yaghdhabu ‘abi da’iman li’atfahi al asbabi

verbs that express movement :

The male:

The Present	The Past	The Imperative
يَصْحو / Yasehuu / (he) wakes up	صَحا / Saha / (he) waked up	اُصْحُ / Oseho / wake up
يَتَوَضأُ / Yatawadha’o / (he) makes woddo’	تَوَضَأ / Tawadha’a / (he) made woddo’	تَوَضَأ / Tawadha’ / make woddo’
يُصَلي / Yussalli / (he) prays	صَلى/ Ssalla / (he) prayed	صَلِّ/ Ssali / pray
يَأكُلُ / Ya’kolo / (he)  eats	أَكَلَ / ‘Akala / (he) ate	كُلْ / kol / eat
يَشْرَبُ /Yashrabo / (he) drinks	شَرِبَ/ shariba / (he) drank	اِشْرَبْ / ‘Ishrab / drink
يَدْخُلُ / Yadkholo / (he) enters	دَخَلَ / dakhala / (he) entered	اُدْخُلْ / ‘Odkhol / enter
يَخْرُجُ / Yakhrojo /(he) outs	خَرَجَ / kharaja / (he) outed	اُخْرُجْ / ‘Okhroj / out
يَعْمَلُ / Yaemalo / (he) works	عَمِلَ / Eamala / (he)  worked	اِعْمَلْ / ‘Iemal / work
يَسْتَريحُ / Yastarih / (he) rests	اِسْتَرَاحَ / ‘Istaraha / (he) rested	اِسْتَرِحْ / ‘Istarih / rest
يَنامُ / Yanamu / (he)  sleeps	نَامَ / naama /(he) slept	نَمْ / nam / sleep
يَسْتَيْقِظُ / Yastayqitho/ (he) Wakes up	اِسْتَيْقَظَ / ‘Istayqatha / (he) woke up	اِسْتَيْقِظْ / ‘Istayqith / wake up
يَرْكَبُ/ Yarkabu / (he) rides	رَكِبَ / Rakiba / (he) rode	اِرْكَبْ / ‘Irkab / ride
يَصْعَدُ / Yaseadu / (he) ascends	صَعِدَ / Ssaeida / (he) ascended	اِصْعَدْ / ‘Issead / ascend
يَهْبِطُ / Yahbittu / (he) lands	هَبَطَ / Habatta / (he)  landed	اُهْبُطْ / ‘uhbutt / land
يَنْزِلُ / Yanzilu / (he)  descends	نَزَلَ / Nazala / (he)  descended	اِنْزِلْ / ‘Inzal / descend
يَبْدَأُ / yabda’u / (he)  starts	بَدَأَ / badaʾa / (he) started	اِبْدَأْ / ibdaʾ / start
يَلْبِسُ / Yalbasu / (he) wears	لَبَسَ / Labasa / (he) wore	اِلْبِسْ / ‘Ilbis / wear
يُشَاهِدُ / Yushahidu / (he) sees	شَاهَدَ / Shahada / (he) saw	شَاهِدْ / Shahid/ see
يَكْتُبُ / YUaktubo / (he) writes	كَتَبَ / Kataba / (he) wrote	اُكْتُبْ / ‘ Oktob / write

The female:

The Present	The Past	The Imperative
تَصْحُو / Tassehuu / (She) wakes up	صَحَتْ / Ssahat / (She) waked up	اُصْحِي / Usehii / wake up
تَتَوَضأُ / Tatawadha’u / (She) makes woddo’	تَوَضَأَتْ / Tawadha’at / (She) made woddo’	تَوَضَئِي / Tawadha’ii / make woddo’
تُصْلِي / Tussali / (She) prays	صَلَتْ/ Salat / (She) prayed	صَلّي / Ssali / pray
تَأْكُلُ / taʾkulu / (She) eats	أَكَلَتْ / ʾakalat / (She) ate	كُلِي / kulii / eat
تَشْرَبُ / tashrabu / (She) drinks	شَرِبَتْ / sharibat / (She) drank	اِشْرَبِي / ishrabii / drink
تَدْخُلُ / tadkhulu / (She) enters	دَخَلَتْ/ dakhalat / (She) entered	اُدْخُلِي / udkhulii / enter
تَخْرُجُ / takhruju / (She) outs	خَرَجَتْ / kharajat / (She) outed	اُخْرُجِي / ukhrujii / out
تَعْمَلُ / taemalu / (She) works	عَمِلَتْ / eamilat / (She) worked	اِعْمَلِي / iemali / work
تَسْتَرِيحُ / tastariihu / (She) rests	اِسْتَرَاحَتْ / istaraahat / (She) rested	اِسْتَرِيحِي / istariihii / rest
يَنامُ / tanaamu / (She) sleeps	نَامَتْ / naamat / (She) slept	نَامِي / naamii / sleep
تَسْتَيْقِظُ / tastayqitho / (She) wakes up	اِسْتَيْقَظَتْ / ‘Istayqathat / (She) woke up	اِسْتَيْقِظِي / ‘Istayqithii / wake up
تَرْكَبُ / tarkabu / (She) rides	رَكِبَتْ / rakibat / (She) rode	اِرْكَبِي / irkabii / ride
تَصْعَدُ / taseadu / (She) ascends	صَعِدَتْ / saeidat / (She) ascended	اِصْعَدِي / iseadii / ascend
تَهْبُطُ / tahbuTu / (She) lands	هَبَطَتْ / habaTat / (She) landed	اُهْبُطِي / uhbuTii / land
تَنْزِلُ / tanzilu / (She) descends	نَزَلَتْ / nazalat / (She) descended	اِنْزِلِي / inzilii / descend
تَبْدَأُ / tabdaʾu / (She) starts	بَدَأَتْ / badaʾat / (She) started	اِبْدَئِي / ibdaʾii / start
تَلْبِسُ / talbisu / (She) wears	لَبَسَتْ / labasat / (She) wore	اِلْبِسِي / ilbisii / wear
تُشَاهِدُ / tushaahidu / (She) watches	شَاهَدَتْ / shaahadat / (She) watched	شَاهِدِي / shaahidii / watch
تَكْتُبُ / taktubu / (She) writes	كَتَبَتْ / katabat / (She) wrote	اُكْتُبِي / uktubii / write

•Examples :

Arabic	English	Pronunciation
يصحو أبي كل يوم للذهاب الى السوق	My father gets up every day to go to the market.	yasehu ‘Abi kola yawmin lidhahabi ‘ila asoqi
تأكل أختي رقائق البطاطس دائما	My sister always eats potato chips.	Ta’kolo ‘okhti raqa’iqa al battattissi da’iman
يعمل جدي كمزارع بعد الظهيرة	My grandfather works as an afternoon farmer	Yaemalo jadi kamozariein baeda athahirati
ينام الناجح ستة ساعات يوميا	The successful person sleeps six hours a day.	Yanamu anajiho sitata saaeaatin yawmiyan

Thus, we have enriched our knowledge about verbs and got acquainted with more than 20 verbs with their conjugation to all tenses, but this is not all when we say “verb” in the Arabic language that comes after a lot of complex rules. Who we studied in the second part of our lesson for today Follow us.

Related Lessons

Verbs in detail

Classifying the verb in the Arabic language is somewhat difficult because there are many types and each type has its own rules. In this lesson, we will address one of these types and take examples of it.

Types of verbs in terms of tenses :

The verb is divided into three parts in terms of the time in which it occurred: the past tense, the present tense, and the imperative verb.

The form of the verb varies according to the time in which it occurred, and that is by a partial change of its letters. Therefore, we can easily distinguish between past verbs, present verbs, and imperative verbs.

Note:

Every sentence that begins with a verb is called a “الجملة الفعلية” phrasal verb “

1. The Past verb

It is a verb that happened earlier in the past. The past verb in Arabic language is always ” مبني ” ” Mabnii” Because its “اعراب” ” ierab” does not change according to its position in the sentence.

The past verb can be three-letter ¹, four-letter ², five-letter ³, or six-letter ⁴:

Arabic	Eglish	The Pronunciation
كَتَبَ 1	wrote	Kataba
تَعَلَّمَ 2	learned	Taealama
اِصْطَدَمَ 3	bumped	Issttadama
اِسْتَخْرَجَ 4	extracted	Istakhraja

Examples :

Arabic	English	The Pronunciation
لعب مدير المدرسه مع التلاميذ في الساحة	The school principal played with the students in the yard	Laeiba modiro al madrasati maea atalaamiithi fi asahati
أكلت قطتي الفأر الذي كان تحت الخزانة	My cat ate the mouse under the cupboard	‘Akalat qittatii ‘al fa’ra alathi kana tahta alkhizanati
درب أبي أخي على حسن المعاملة	My father trained my brother to be kind	Daraba ‘abi akhi eala husni al mueamala
كتب المؤلف عمرو عبد الحميد روايات جميلة جدا ومشوقة	The author Amro Abdel Hamid wrote very beautiful and interesting novels	Kataba almo’alif Amro Abdel Hamid riwayatin jamilatin jidan wa mochawiqa
استعمل جدي الديدان لصنع الحبر الأحمر من أجل الكتابة	My grandfather used worms to make red ink for writing	Istaemala Jadii adidana lisonei al hibri al ‘ahmari min ‘ajli al kitabati
تعرضت سارة الى حادث مرور هي وعائلتها	Sarah and her family had a traffic accident	Taearadhat sara ‘ila hadithi mororin hiya wa ea’ilatuha

2. The present verb

The present verb is a verb that indicates an action in the present tense. The present tense always begins with this four letters: “ن” “أ ” “ت” “ي“

These four letters can be combined in the word “نأتي” which means “ we come“

The present verb has three cases in the Arabic language, and this is in the field of “الاعراب” :

1. مرفوع ” marfuue”	with damma
2. مجزوم” majzoom”	with sukoon
3. منصوب ” manssoob”	with fatha

Examples :

Arabic	English	The Pronunciation
يقرأ	reads	Yaqra’o
ِْتَسْأَل	asks	Tas’al
َيُعَلِم	teaches	Yoealima

Examples :

Arabic	English	The Pronunciation
الطالبان ينتظران الحافلة	The two students are waiting for the bus	attalibani yantadhirani alahafilata
خذِ القلمَ لتكتبَ	Take the pen to write	khoth al qalama li taktoba
تكره أمي عندما أعود متسخ الثياب	My mom hates me when I come back with dirty clothes	takraho ommi eindama ‘aeodo motasikha athiyabi
يملأ الصياد دلوه بالسمك كل يوم جمعة	Every Friday the fisherman fills his bucket with fish	yamla’o asayado dalwahu bi samaki kola yawmi jomoeatin
لن أدرس للامتحان	I will not study for the exam	lan ‘adrosa lil ‘imtihaani
تتصل جدتي كلما اشتاقت الي	Grandma calls me whenever she misses me	tatassilu jadati kulama ‘ishtaqat ilay

Note :

the present verb can’t be ” مجرور” ” majroor”

3. The Imperative verb

It is a request to do a certain thing or action in the future tense. The imperative verb in Arabic language is usually” مبني ” ” Mabnii”

Examples :

Arabic	English	The Pronunciation
اُرْسُمْ	draw	Ursum
تَعَلَّمِي	learn	Taealamii
كُلْ	eat	Kul
اُضْرُبْ	Hit	Udhrob
اُطْبُخْ	cook	‘ottbokh
اِسْأَلْ	ask	‘Is’al

Examples :

Arabic	English	The Pronunciation
ارسم بقلم الرصاص	Draw with a pencil	‘Orsom biqalami arrassassi
تعلمي ان تكوني امرأة محترمة	Learn to be a respectable woman	Taealami an takonii ‘imra’atan muhtaramatan
كُلْ البيض لأنه مفيد للصحة	Eat eggs because they are good for health	Kul al baydha li’anahu mofidon li ssihati
اعمل لتحسين ظروف معيشتك	Work to improve your living conditions	‘iemal litahsini dhorofi maeishatika
اغسلوا أسنانكم جيدا	Brush your teeth well	‘Ighsilo asnanakom jayidan
سامح أخاك على ما فعله بك	Forgive your brother for what he did to you	Saamih akhaka eala ma faealaho bika

we studied for today the verb in the Arabic language, we saw many examples of it, and we got acquainted with more than 50 verbs, and then we moved to detail so that we saw that the verb in the Arabic language changes with the change of time in which it occurred, and this is by changing some of its letters, and this feature enables us Distinguishing between past, present, and imperative verbs.

And as we always tell you, the Arabic language is not something that is impossible for you to just study and persevere and repeat the information over and over to prove it in the mind. What is required of you is patience in this language to master it well and professionalism in it. Good luck.

Related Lessons